Causes and treatment of obesity

Causes and treatment of obesity

Obesity is a medical condition caused by weight gain and fat in the body. Obesity may cause many health complications such as arthritis, some cancers, and Metabolic syndrome, which include high blood pressure, Type 2, cardiovascular disease, and a number of other health problems. Obesity can be expressed through many criteria such as body mass index, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio size, Waist-to-height and the amount and distribution of fat in the body, and the person is obese if the BMI is 30 kg / square meter or more, while the person is classified as having excess weight of the normal limit if the BMI has between 25-29.9. 

Causes of obesity

It can be said that body weight depends on many interrelated factors such as genes, metabolism, environment, behavior, and culture. Body weight depends primarily on the balance between calories and the amount of energy consumed by the body. Therefore, the intake of calories that exceeds the amount of calories consumed The body in the metabolism leads to weight gain due to the storage of excess calories in the form of fat, and in contrast occurs the process of weight loss when the amount of calories consumed by the individual less than the amount of energy needed during the metabolism, The most common cause of obesity is excessive eating with physical inactivity, and there are a number of factors that may lead to obesity, including the following:

Genetic factors and genes: Obese people are more likely to become obese if one or both parents are obese. Genes play an important role in increasing the chance of obesity due to their effect on the hormones that regulate the storage of fats and their metabolism. Some genetic factors can cause leptin deficiency (Leptin), which is produced in the fat cells and placenta. The role of this hormone is to send signals to the brain to reduce the amount of food intake when full fat stores in the body, which helps to control the weight.

Factors related to diet: Among these factors we mention the following:

* Excessive eating: There are many foods that lead to excessive intake of weight, especially high-fat foods, or sugars, as fast food and fried foods and sweets from foods that increase weight because they contain fat and sugars at a high rate.

* Foods that are rich in simple carbohydrates, such as sugars, fructose, sweets and soft drinks, contribute to weight gain in several ways, including increased insulin intake after eating more complex carbohydrates such as pasta, brown rice, grains, vegetables and fruits. Fatty tissue causes weight gain.

* The number of eating: A number of studies indicate that eating 4-5 small meals a day reduces the chance of obesity compared to eating two or three meals a day, and this is because the increase in the number of small meals helps to achieve levels of constant insulin, while eating meals Large amounts of insulin that contributes to weight gain.

Physical Inactivity: Lack of physical activity or lack of exercise reduces the amount of calories a person consumes, increasing the risk of overweight and obesity.

Some medications: Obesity can be caused by medications such as antidepressants, anticonvulsants such as Carbamazepine and Valproate, some diabetes drugs such as insulin, and sulfonil urea drugs, Sulfonylureas) and some hormones such as oral contraceptives, corticosteroids such as prednisone, some high blood pressure medications, antihistamines

Psychological factors: Psychological factors and emotions can affect eating habits. A person may become obese as a result of excessive eating in response to a number of emotions and psychological factors such as boredom, sadness, tension, and anger.

Obesity treatment